The Mental Capacity Act 2005 requires that Local Authorities and NHS bodies must instruct an Independent Mental Capacity Advocate (IMCA) when:

• An eligible decision is to be made (Serious Medical Treatment; Change of Accommodation)

• The person has been assessed as lacking capacity to make that decision

• There are no friends or family willing, able or appropriate to be consulted as part of the best interests decision making process.

IMCA instructions can also be made for Safeguarding of Vulnerable Adults when protective measures are proposed (irrespective of consultable friends / family) and for Care Reviews relating to accommodation.